Imperialism : A policy of extending a country's power and
influence through diplomacy or military force. the policy of extending the rule
or authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and
holding colonies and dependencies.
http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/imperialism
Types
of imperialism:
Colonial imperialism - a complete takeover of
an area, with domination in all areas: economic, political, and socio-cultural.
The subjugated area existed to benefit the imperialist power, and had almost no
independence of action. In this era, almost all of Africa and southern and
southeast Asia were colonized.
Economic imperialism - allowed the area to
operate as its own nation, but the imperialist nation almost completely
controlled its trade and other business, it may impose regulations that forbid
trade with other nations, or imperialist companies may own or have exclusive
rights to its natural resources. During this era, China and most of Latin
America were subjected to economic imperialism.
Political imperialism - The government was
sometimes a relatively a "puppet government," as happened in late Qing China,
and other times the control was temporary, as occurred in the Dominican Republic
when the United States ran its government until it got out of debt.
Socio-cultural imperialism - The dominating
country deliberately tried to change customs, religions and languages in some of
the countries. A good example was British India, where English was taught in
schools, Indian soldiers dressed British-style, and western trading rules were
set up. Generally, the imperialist countries assumed their cultures to be
superior, and often times they saw themselves as bringing about improvements in
the society.
Causes of Imperialism
The major cause for imperialist expansion is the acquisition of another territory's natural resources, such as the gold and diamonds of South Africa. Cheaper raw materials could also assist production in the mother country. Another reason for imperial expansion is nationalism (pride in one's country), which along with religion was a dominating factor used by European powers as an excuse to take over the less "civilized" parts of the world
More Causes
Imperialism was one of the four contributing factors to the cause of WWI, along with secret alliances, militarism,
and nationalism. It is the most important cause of WWI, because it created a build-up of tension all around Europe. As European countries were discovering more about science and mass production benefits via industrialization, a demand and competition for more land and produce was developing. Germany and Great Britain were two powerful European countries that had been trying to establish control in Africa and Asia, two countries that were not as strong as them, and were relatively vulnerable due to
rebellions of the native people and interferences by other countries. This lack of cooperation between
European countries in the attempt to govern and control weaker states finally built up to a certain point where war was the only option left. Alliances such as the Triple Alliance, which consisted of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy that lasted until the start of the war, and the Three Emperors League, which involved Russia, Austria-Hungary, and Germany
had created tension prior to the war.
Militarism was another factor, and threatening behavior began forming unbeatable weapons that would lead to many catastrophes in the war.England produced a ship made to kill in attempt to prove to the Germans that they still owned the sea, and this kind of behavior is what triggered an additional rise to the pressure building in Europe. However, events such as the creation of the Dreadnought may also be considered imperialistic, even though it was not an attempt to overthrow Germany. In 1906,
British Admiral Sir John “Jackie” Fisher established the Dreadnought into the British navy. Not only was the Dreadnought the fastest battleship around, but it also used a more effective form of weaponry that was more advanced than most battleships at the time. it was created to frighten the Germans who were attempting to strengthen their navy under the control of Admiral Tirpitz in order to threaten the British navy. Known for their power over the sea, the British created the Dreadnought to make it clear to the Germans that they were still so called “King of the Seas” and that Germany would never be able to defeat them. This is imperialistic because there was a surge for naval expansion, which stemmed from tension and also industrialism.
Nationalism relates closer to imperialism because it was due to nationalism that imperialism was not always successful.
One final example of imperialism as a cause of WW1 was the Berlin-Baghdad railway that was built in 1903 until prior to 1914, connecting Berlin and Baghdad, where the Germans wished to establish a port so as to expand trade. This railway would have threatened the British trade exports and imports, giving Germany an economic dominance through trade. The railway was also seen as a threat to Russia, for it extended into a zone where Russia had a dominant share in the trade. However, due to interferences by other countries because of the tension, the railway was never finished. This is an example of imperialism because it was Germany trying to extend it’s control over areas surrounding the railway being put in place, while also angering the Russians and
the British, who were constantly fighting with the Germans throughout the beginning and during WW1.
Imperialism is the political, economic, and social control by one country over another country. In the 1800's, many European countries began their imperialism of most of Africa. But when the Europeans were finally forced out, the government, economy, and social life were in ruins because a lack of concern by the Europeans, and their hasty decisions.
The Europeans ignored the social effects on the African people completely. When the new "borders" of Africa were drawn at the Berlin Conference the Europeans drew the lines according to what they wanted, and not what the African people had already
established. The effect of this was that many ethnic and religious groups, and even sometimes families, were split up, causing mass havoc and chaos. The Europeans also decided that they were going to implement their own religion into
the African peoples. Many times, if an African resisted, he would be beat for his religious beliefs because he would not convert to Christianity. Mostly, this only angered the African people. Overall, there was simply a total disregard for African life throughout the imperialism of Africa. Many Europeans had views that were contradictory. One such example is Henry Morton Stanley. Although he
claimed to accept the Africans, he often portrayed them as childlike and ignorant. However, he was the ignorant one, not realizing what he was saying. Maybe it was not that he did not realize what he was saying, but he was trying to satisfy one group, while portraying his true personality to another.
After the Civil War, the United States began its rise to
international power with substantial population and industrial growth domestically, along with numerous imperialist ventures abroad. By the late nineteenth century, the United States had become a leading global industrial power. During this period, the United States conquered Cuba, which passed from Spanish rule to a de facto American one, and annexed Hawaii and Puerto Rico. At the end of the Spanish-American War, it acquired the Philippines. From 1900 to 1918 (the end of World War I) was a period of reform, known as the Progressive Era. Responding to the changes brought about by industrialization, the Progressives advocated a wide range of economic, political, social, and moral reforms. Initially the movement was successful at local level, and then it progressed to state and gradually national. Four new constitutional amendments—the Sixteenth through Nineteenth—resulted from progressive activism. In 1917, the United States entered into World War I. This shifted the balance of the war and made the United States a major military, as well as financial power.
http://www.web-books.com/eLibrary/ON/B0/B52/39MB52.html
http://andreana6.blogspot.com/2010/10/imperialism
-in-world-war-1.html
http://www.google.com/#hl=en&sugexp=les%
3B&gs_nf=3&gs
_rn=1&gs_ri=serp&pq=imperiali sm%20in%20ww1&cp=13&gs_id=4&xhr=t&q=imperialism+defin
ition&pf=p&tbo=d&sclient=psy-ab&oq=imperialism+d&gs_l=&pbx=1&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_
qf.&fp=4cb8b13d38ba68b9&bpcl=39967673&biw=1024&bih=519
http://www.writework.com/essay/social-economic-and-politcal
-impact-imperialism-colonozati
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1&hl=en&sa=N&tbo=d&biw=1024&bih=519&tbm=isch&tbnid=j
VM7ISPLLaa5HM:&imgrefurl=http://www.fordjordan.com/random-
thoughts/american-imperialism-vs-european-imperialism-part-1&docid=NbCM8OJu1V6PcM&imgurl=http://www.fordjordan.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Imperialism.jpg&w=1008&h=988&ei=NinPUJ_VH8_-2QX5wYCIBw&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=4&sig=10327096659977742425
0&page=1&tbnh=137&tbnw=160&&ndsp=19&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0,i:90&tx=127&ty=104
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l=en&sa=N&tbo=d&biw=1024&bih=519&tbm=isch&tbnid=wsKlMmo
hmaqVeM:&imgrefurl=http://www. desura.com/members/sgtretard
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desura.com/images/members/1/411/410942/AmericanImperialism
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& um=1&hl=en&tbo=d&biw=1024&bih=519&tbm=isch&tbnid=VoJPb9-ZdViyLM:&imgrefurl=http://peacesymbol.org/tag/imperialism
/&docid=O9gNvCUlnCmOaM&imgurl=http://peacesymbol.org/RSS/August-2011/PEACESYMBOL.NET/imperialism-555px.png&w=555&h=909&ei=uSnPUNn2BtOK2QXAxIGoBQ&zoom=1&i
act=hc&vpx=376&vpy=104&dur=113&hovh=287&hovw=175&tx=85&ty
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sp=24&ved=1t:429,r:3,s:200,i:13
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& &um=1&hl=en&sa=N&tbo=d&biw=1024&bih
=495&tbm=isch&tbnid=R7_bl289AiDwNM:&imgrefurl=http
://fineartamerica.com/featured/1-imperialism-cartoon-1876-granger.html&docid=TYqDqkmYDtmIYM&imgurl=http://images
.fineartamerica.com/images-medium-large/1-imperialism-cartoon-1876-granger.jpg&w=846&h=900&ei=naDQUOXCHIHm2AWW94C
YAQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=417&vpy=41&dur=231&hovh=
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& um=1&hl=en&sa=N&tbo=d&biw=1024&bih=495&tbm=isch&tbnid
=c6jr8sTbyZCUEM:&imgrefurl=http://mybusinessmusings.com/%
3Fp%3D137&docid=5K52QNvMHv9W3M&imgurl=http://mybusi
nessmusings.com/wpontent/uploads/2008/11/usglobe.jpg&w=200&h=
283&ei=PqHQUNP3L6Tk2AWvy4GAAg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=569&
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037990181813183748&page=18&tbnh=154&tbnw=109&ndsp=18&
ved=1t:429,r:21,s:300,i:67
influence through diplomacy or military force. the policy of extending the rule
or authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and
holding colonies and dependencies.
http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/imperialism
Types
of imperialism:
Colonial imperialism - a complete takeover of
an area, with domination in all areas: economic, political, and socio-cultural.
The subjugated area existed to benefit the imperialist power, and had almost no
independence of action. In this era, almost all of Africa and southern and
southeast Asia were colonized.
Economic imperialism - allowed the area to
operate as its own nation, but the imperialist nation almost completely
controlled its trade and other business, it may impose regulations that forbid
trade with other nations, or imperialist companies may own or have exclusive
rights to its natural resources. During this era, China and most of Latin
America were subjected to economic imperialism.
Political imperialism - The government was
sometimes a relatively a "puppet government," as happened in late Qing China,
and other times the control was temporary, as occurred in the Dominican Republic
when the United States ran its government until it got out of debt.
Socio-cultural imperialism - The dominating
country deliberately tried to change customs, religions and languages in some of
the countries. A good example was British India, where English was taught in
schools, Indian soldiers dressed British-style, and western trading rules were
set up. Generally, the imperialist countries assumed their cultures to be
superior, and often times they saw themselves as bringing about improvements in
the society.
Causes of Imperialism
The major cause for imperialist expansion is the acquisition of another territory's natural resources, such as the gold and diamonds of South Africa. Cheaper raw materials could also assist production in the mother country. Another reason for imperial expansion is nationalism (pride in one's country), which along with religion was a dominating factor used by European powers as an excuse to take over the less "civilized" parts of the world
More Causes
Imperialism was one of the four contributing factors to the cause of WWI, along with secret alliances, militarism,
and nationalism. It is the most important cause of WWI, because it created a build-up of tension all around Europe. As European countries were discovering more about science and mass production benefits via industrialization, a demand and competition for more land and produce was developing. Germany and Great Britain were two powerful European countries that had been trying to establish control in Africa and Asia, two countries that were not as strong as them, and were relatively vulnerable due to
rebellions of the native people and interferences by other countries. This lack of cooperation between
European countries in the attempt to govern and control weaker states finally built up to a certain point where war was the only option left. Alliances such as the Triple Alliance, which consisted of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy that lasted until the start of the war, and the Three Emperors League, which involved Russia, Austria-Hungary, and Germany
had created tension prior to the war.
Militarism was another factor, and threatening behavior began forming unbeatable weapons that would lead to many catastrophes in the war.England produced a ship made to kill in attempt to prove to the Germans that they still owned the sea, and this kind of behavior is what triggered an additional rise to the pressure building in Europe. However, events such as the creation of the Dreadnought may also be considered imperialistic, even though it was not an attempt to overthrow Germany. In 1906,
British Admiral Sir John “Jackie” Fisher established the Dreadnought into the British navy. Not only was the Dreadnought the fastest battleship around, but it also used a more effective form of weaponry that was more advanced than most battleships at the time. it was created to frighten the Germans who were attempting to strengthen their navy under the control of Admiral Tirpitz in order to threaten the British navy. Known for their power over the sea, the British created the Dreadnought to make it clear to the Germans that they were still so called “King of the Seas” and that Germany would never be able to defeat them. This is imperialistic because there was a surge for naval expansion, which stemmed from tension and also industrialism.
Nationalism relates closer to imperialism because it was due to nationalism that imperialism was not always successful.
One final example of imperialism as a cause of WW1 was the Berlin-Baghdad railway that was built in 1903 until prior to 1914, connecting Berlin and Baghdad, where the Germans wished to establish a port so as to expand trade. This railway would have threatened the British trade exports and imports, giving Germany an economic dominance through trade. The railway was also seen as a threat to Russia, for it extended into a zone where Russia had a dominant share in the trade. However, due to interferences by other countries because of the tension, the railway was never finished. This is an example of imperialism because it was Germany trying to extend it’s control over areas surrounding the railway being put in place, while also angering the Russians and
the British, who were constantly fighting with the Germans throughout the beginning and during WW1.
Imperialism is the political, economic, and social control by one country over another country. In the 1800's, many European countries began their imperialism of most of Africa. But when the Europeans were finally forced out, the government, economy, and social life were in ruins because a lack of concern by the Europeans, and their hasty decisions.
The Europeans ignored the social effects on the African people completely. When the new "borders" of Africa were drawn at the Berlin Conference the Europeans drew the lines according to what they wanted, and not what the African people had already
established. The effect of this was that many ethnic and religious groups, and even sometimes families, were split up, causing mass havoc and chaos. The Europeans also decided that they were going to implement their own religion into
the African peoples. Many times, if an African resisted, he would be beat for his religious beliefs because he would not convert to Christianity. Mostly, this only angered the African people. Overall, there was simply a total disregard for African life throughout the imperialism of Africa. Many Europeans had views that were contradictory. One such example is Henry Morton Stanley. Although he
claimed to accept the Africans, he often portrayed them as childlike and ignorant. However, he was the ignorant one, not realizing what he was saying. Maybe it was not that he did not realize what he was saying, but he was trying to satisfy one group, while portraying his true personality to another.
After the Civil War, the United States began its rise to
international power with substantial population and industrial growth domestically, along with numerous imperialist ventures abroad. By the late nineteenth century, the United States had become a leading global industrial power. During this period, the United States conquered Cuba, which passed from Spanish rule to a de facto American one, and annexed Hawaii and Puerto Rico. At the end of the Spanish-American War, it acquired the Philippines. From 1900 to 1918 (the end of World War I) was a period of reform, known as the Progressive Era. Responding to the changes brought about by industrialization, the Progressives advocated a wide range of economic, political, social, and moral reforms. Initially the movement was successful at local level, and then it progressed to state and gradually national. Four new constitutional amendments—the Sixteenth through Nineteenth—resulted from progressive activism. In 1917, the United States entered into World War I. This shifted the balance of the war and made the United States a major military, as well as financial power.
http://www.web-books.com/eLibrary/ON/B0/B52/39MB52.html
http://andreana6.blogspot.com/2010/10/imperialism
-in-world-war-1.html
http://www.google.com/#hl=en&sugexp=les%
3B&gs_nf=3&gs
_rn=1&gs_ri=serp&pq=imperiali sm%20in%20ww1&cp=13&gs_id=4&xhr=t&q=imperialism+defin
ition&pf=p&tbo=d&sclient=psy-ab&oq=imperialism+d&gs_l=&pbx=1&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_
qf.&fp=4cb8b13d38ba68b9&bpcl=39967673&biw=1024&bih=519
http://www.writework.com/essay/social-economic-and-politcal
-impact-imperialism-colonozati
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1&hl=en&sa=N&tbo=d&biw=1024&bih=519&tbm=isch&tbnid=j
VM7ISPLLaa5HM:&imgrefurl=http://www.fordjordan.com/random-
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hmaqVeM:&imgrefurl=http://www. desura.com/members/sgtretard
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& &um=1&hl=en&sa=N&tbo=d&biw=1024&bih
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://fineartamerica.com/featured/1-imperialism-cartoon-1876-granger.html&docid=TYqDqkmYDtmIYM&imgurl=http://images
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& um=1&hl=en&sa=N&tbo=d&biw=1024&bih=495&tbm=isch&tbnid
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